Ohio Volunteer Firefighter Practice Exam

What is described as 'ordinary' construction?

1. Type I

2. Type II

3. Type III

4. Type IV

The correct answer is: Type III

Ordinary construction refers to buildings primarily made of non-combustible materials but may still include some combustible elements. In particular, Type III construction is characterized by exterior walls constructed from non-combustible materials like brick or concrete, while interior elements, such as floors and roofs, are typically made from wood. This combination creates a structure that has both fire-resistive and combustible components, which can influence firefighting strategies. The reason Type III is significant is that it presents unique challenges during a fire, such as the potential for quick fire spread within the combustible parts while the exterior may remain intact initially. Understanding the differences in building types helps firefighters effectively evaluate fire behavior, structural integrity, and potential risks during operations. The other types of construction, such as Type I, which consists entirely of non-combustible materials, and Type II, which has non-combustible exteriors but limited fire-resistive capabilities, differ fundamentally in their fire behavior characteristics. Type IV construction, known as heavy timber, uses large wooden members that provide some fire resistance due to their size but still consist mainly of combustible material. Each type has distinct properties that impact firefighting tactics, highlighting the importance of recognizing ordinary construction in emergency situations.