Ohio Volunteer Firefighter Practice Exam

The technique that involves using external openings to control smoke and heat is horizontal ventilation. This method focuses on the horizontal movement of smoke and heat out of a structure through openings created by windows, doors, or other exits. By strategically creating these openings, firefighters can effectively remove smoke and heat, improving visibility and reducing the temperature within the structure. Additionally, horizontal ventilation can help control the spread of fire by channeling smoke and heat away from the area, allowing for safer access for firefighters to perform their duties.

In contrast, vertical ventilation, while also effective, involves removing smoke and heat primarily through an opening made in the roof or upper levels of a building. Natural ventilation relies on natural airflow patterns to disperse smoke and heat, often not as controlled as horizontal ventilation. Mechanical ventilation uses fans or blowers to enhance airflow, which may also be effective but typically requires equipment and may not always be available on the scene. Each method has its own specific applications and effectiveness depending on the situation.